Analysis of Morphometric Characteristics of Kalar District Watersheds and their Effect on Flood Formation Using Geographical Information system (Gis)

Abstract

This study is in the field of morphometric characteristics and their effect on flood formation, through the use of elevation data (DEM.12.5M) specific to the study area and its use in information systems Geographical (ArcGis 10.8.2) Data analysis and identification of morphometric characteristics, watersheds are (13) main watersheds, the aim of this study is to determine the effect of morphometric characteristics The study concluded that the occurrence of floods in the watersheds varies according to the value of morphometric characteristics between low floods, Moderate and heavy floods. They have different surface characteristics, shape and height. According to the values of the circular ratio and the shape of the aquifers, the aquifers are closer to the triangular shape branches/km2). as well as the average survival of waterways. That is (0.50 km2/km). Therefore, these values indicate the low survival of waterways in the study area and the low area of watersheds compared to the length of water channels. The average submergence in the water bodies is This low value increases the risk of flooding. The flow analysis shows that the number and length of the water branches vary according to the watersheds. Their number reaches (2492) branches and their total length reaches (2315.01 km). Analysis of the hypsometric curves of the oocytes shows that all oocytes are in the aging stage except oocytes (1-8) are in the maturing stage. The average length, density and number of branches of the watersheds is 2.03 km/km2 and the density is 2.18 branches/km2.