The Moral Duty in Kant´s View (Philosophical Analysis Research)

Abstract

   in the old era, morality was a significant concept in the cognitive of all human beings. For this reason, that made it a debatable principle of morality philosophy. As a result of having different views different schools were appeared. Their values are not the same to differentiate between morality and immorality. This paper sheds light on the Kant´s duty-based ethics. He tried to make a principle of morality based on good duties in himself. He believes, it is impossible to think of anything at all in the world or indeed even beyond it, that could be considered good without limitation except a good will. Pleasure and pain are not two bare rational duties as long as they are related to sensation in nature and they are interrelated with individuals. For this purpose, moral rule cannot be applied to them. Rational is an action that should be away of sensation.

        It is a human beings duty to do the right action with good intentions without thinking of the consequences.  morality  rules should be unlimited autonomy of the will is the supreme principle of morality.  freedom  does not mean breaking rules of law but following law. The rational people can think rationally regarding the principles of moral. Freedom is the basic of ethics that exist in human beings. The fundamental of moral principles are not extrinsic but they are intrinsic. Willingness is autonomous to act from duty is to follow the moral law.